**Who is Akbar's father?**

       ((Mughal emperor Akbar, one of India))

's most influential and famous rulers, was the son of Emperor Humayun, the second ruler of the Mughal dynasty. Born on November 23, 1542, in Umarkot (now in Pakistan), Akbar's lineage was deeply rooted in the rich history of the Mughal Empire. To understand Akbar's legacy, it is necessary to understand the life and reign of his father Humayun, whose own trials and triumphs shaped the future of the Mughal Empire. ### Humayun's Early Life and Ascendance to Power Nasir-ud-din Muhammad Humayun, born on March 6, 1508, was the son of Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire. Babur, who was a descendant of Timur on his father's side and Genghis Khan on his mother's side, laid the foundation of Mughal rule in India after defeating Ibrahim Lodi at the Battle of Panipat in 1526. Humayun was the eldest son of Babur and was appointed his successor after Babur's death in 1530. At the time of his accession, Humayun was only 22 years old. The Mughal Empire, which was still in its infancy, faced many challenges from within and outside its borders. Humayun's reign saw numerous conflicts with Afghan and Rajput rulers, as well as the threat posed by the formidable Afghan leader Sher Shah Suri.

              ((### Struggle for power))

One of Humayun's significant opponents was Sher Shah Suri, who emerged as a powerful contender for control over northern India. The rivalry between Humayun and Sher Shah climaxed at the Battle of Chausa in 1539, where Humayun suffered a crushing defeat. This was followed by the Battle of Kannauj in 1540, where Humayun was again decisively defeated, forcing him to flee India. Humayun's later years were a period of hardship and wandering. He took refuge in Persia, where he was welcomed by Shah Tahmasp I of the Safavid dynasty. During his exile, Humayun forged valuable alliances and received support from the Persian Empire. It was during this period that Humayun married Hamida Banu Begum, who later became the mother of Akbar. ### Return to power With Persian support, Humayun launched a campaign to recover his lost territories. In 1555, after nearly 15 years in exile, Humayun successfully captured Delhi and reestablished his rule over the Mughal Empire. However, his victory was short-lived. In January 1556, just six months after returning to power, Humayun died an untimely death. He fell from the stairs of his library, Sher Mandal in Delhi, and succumbed to his injuries. Humayun's death brought an end to a turbulent reign, but it also set the stage for the rise of his son Akbar, who would go on to become one of the greatest emperors in Indian history. Akbar was only 13 years old when he ascended the throne, but under the tutelage of his guardian Bairam Khan, he quickly established his authority and embarked on a path of unification and expansion.

                   ((### Humayun's Legacy))

Despite the challenges he faced, Humayun's reign was important in shaping the Mughal Empire. His efforts to recover and stabilize the empire laid the groundwork for Akbar's later accomplishments. Humayun was also known for his interest in art and culture, a passion he passed on to his son. Under Humayun the Mughal court became a center of Persian culture, which greatly influenced cultural and architectural developments during Akbar's reign. Humayun's legacy is not limited to his role as Akbar's father, but also includes his contributions to laying the foundations of the Mughal Empire. His perseverance in the face of adversity, strategic alliances, and efforts to revive his empire played a key role in the ultimate success and longevity of the Mughal dynasty.

                           ((### Conclusion))

Akbar's father Humayun was a key figure in the early history of the Mughal Empire. His life brought both triumphs and tragedies, which had a profound impact on the empire's future. While his reign was filled with challenges, his determination and strategic skills ensured the survival and revival of Mughal rule in India. Akbar inherited his father's legacy, building on it to create a vast and enduring empire that left an indelible mark on Indian history.

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